As archaeologists, GIS may be utilized in innumerable ways to query historical, prehistoric, and geographic data to permit us to analyze events, patterns, and trends in the past. This week, we will utilize GIS to examine the urban impact of the Great Chicago fire. The applications of GIS in archaeological research are nearly limitless, and it is becoming increasingly important for the archaeologist to be familiar with the basic workings of GIS, and how they may be used to further interpret cultural resources. This week, we will work with a set of historical data to examine how this information can be used to analyze and model past events. Before we can move on to more complex uses of GIS in archaeological practice, we must first become accustomed to utilizing some basic tools to explore historical data. At the end of this lab, you will be able to:
- Query data by attribute and location
- Use historical census data to query population densities within a given study area
- Summarize results in tabular and graphic format
- Use Clip and Overlay tools to examine features within a given study area
- Using the “Kernal Density” tool in Spatial Analyst to visualize point data in raster form
- Visualize results three-dimensionally in ArcScene
1. Create a final map showing the following information:
- Chicago_1869
- Damaged Wards
- Chicago_1890
- Surviving landmarks constructed before 1871 and labeled
- Landmarks constructed between 1871 and 1890
- Location where the fire started
3. Upload the jpg to your student blog.
Assignment 1: Investigate Data
Examine the data provided. The data we are using for this assignment has been collected from various online sources. An important aspect of using archaeological data in ArcMap is knowing how to access the metadata and easily interpret the data without leaving the ArcMap framework. We will utilize some of the tools in ArcMap that will help us investigate data throughout the course.
Assignment 2: Add and Manipulate Data
• 0 – Jane Addams Hull house Jane Addams Hull House Association improves social conditions for underserved people and communities by providing creative, innovative programs and advocating for related public policy reforms. Jane Addams was a leader in securing schooling for children. Today, Hull House provides a comprehensive array of supportive services to hundreds of children and families each year.
• 1 – Soldier's Home, 739 E. 35th St. Chicago IL, 60616, is an Italianate style house in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The Soldiers' House is located at 739 E. 35th St. was built in a series of phases from 1864 to 1923 by William W. Boyington and other various architects. It was designated a Chicago Landmark on April 16, 1996. The Soldiers' Home is the last surviving building with exact association to the Civil War. During the war the home served as a hospital for injured soldiers. After the war it became a home for disabled Union Army Veterans.[1]
• 2 – The Wheeler Kohn House - The Wheeler Mansion is truly a Chicago treasure. Originally built in 1870, it is one of the last remaining stately mansions that survived the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. The residence was among one of the earliest constructed in the South Prairie Avenue neighborhood (Prairie Avenue District), home to Chicago's early mercantile and industrial barons and Chicago's first "Gold Coast" during the last quarter of the 19th century. After the property's meticulous restoration in 1999, the city recognized The Wheeler Mansion by honoring the home with the Preservation Excellence Award and the Friends of Downtown Award. The mansion is a Chicago Landmark (Wheeler/Kohn House), as well as a National Landmark because of its architectural attributes and important historical significance.
• 8 – Abraham Groesbeck House – 1304 W. Washington Blvd. Chicago, IL 60607 - Built in 1869, this Italianate-style building is one of few buildings to survive the Chicago fire. It started as the home and office of physician Abraham Groesbeck, but has also been home to the Cranes, Glessners, Harrisons, and Mary Todd Lincoln.
• 9 – Illinois and Michigan Canal The Illinois & Michigan Canal, completed in 1848, connected the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River watershed along a longstanding Indian portage route. The 97-mile canal extended from the Chicago River near Lake Michigan to the Illinois River at Peru, Illinois. It rapidly transformed Chicago from a small settlement to a critical transportation hub between the East and the developing Midwest. The towpath trail along the canal is a State park that runs through a rural and wooded landscape linking a number of towns laid out by the original canal commission.
• 11 – St Ignatius College Prep Building Excerpt from Chicago Landmarks website...
The culmination of Father Arnold J. Damen, S.J.'s work in Chicago, this building was opened in 1870 as St. Ignatius College. Loyola University originated from this institution but, since 1922, St. Ignatius has operated solely as a college preparatory school. The Second Empire-style edifice is among the oldest in the city, a rare and distinctive example of institutional designs pre-dating the Chicago Fire of 1871. Built: 1869; West addition, 1874, Architect: Toussaint Menard , John P. Huber, Address: 1076 W. Roosevelt Road, and Date Designated a Chicago Landmark: March 18, 1987
12 – Henry B Clarke House Museum , located at 1827 S. Indiana Avenue, Chicago, IL 60616, was built in 1836 for Henry B. Clarke, and is Chicago’s oldest house. The house shows what life was like for a family in Chicago during the city’s formative years before the Civil War. Its fascinating history began at a time when Chicago received its city charter and much of the area was still undeveloped prairie.
Over the years, the house survived fires, belonged to a church, and was moved twice – during the second move, the house was stuck in the air for two weeks. The house is now located in the Chicago Women’s Park in the Prairie Avenue Historic District, and operated as a museum by the Chicago Department of Cultural Affairs and Special Events
13 – First Baptist Congregational Church is a Baptist congregation now located in the former Union Park Congregational Church building, a Chicago Landmark at 60 N. Ashland Blvd. in Chicago, Illinois, USA. The church was designed by architect Gurdon P. Randall and built between 1869-1871. The First Congregational Church, founded in 1851, merged with Union Park Congregational in 1910. First Baptist acquired the building in 1970; the congregation's official address is 1613 W. Washington Blvd.
The church was built in what was then a very fashionable neighborhood of Chicago. Part of the church's historical significance lies in the fact that after the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, several essential civic functions were temporarily relocated to the church -- the Mayor's Office, the City Council, and the General Relief Committee. Many people who had been displaced because their homes had burned camped out in nearby Union Park.
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